Chapter 16 : Craniofacial anomalies
نویسنده
چکیده
The term craniofacial anomalies literally encompasses all congenital deformities of the cranium and face. More specifically, however, the term has come to imply congenital deformities of the head that interfere with physical and mental well-being (Marsh and Vannier, 1985). There are practically no epidemiological studies of craniofacial malformations as such. Myrianthopoulos (1982) reviewed data gleaned from epidemiological studies of malformations that were selected 'because of their careful design, large number of observations and high degree of ascertainment'. On this basis, there appear to be of the order of 175 major craniofacial malformations per 10.000 births, and the proportion of craniofacial malformations out of all malformations is about 21%.
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